Reasoning

This is another way to understand.

Reasoning meaning is close to analysis, hypothesis, inference, premise, rationale, thinking, concluding, deduction, thought, train of thought etc…

“Reason is the capacity of consciously applying logic by drawing conclusions from new or existing information, with the aim of seeking the truth. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, language, mathematics, and art, and is normally considered to be a distinguishing ability possessed by humans. Reason is sometimes referred to as rationality.”

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reason

You can also google - reason definition and reason